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In nuclear and industrial facilities, fine particles, including radioactive residues—can accumulate on the interior surfaces of ventilation ducts and equipment, posing serious safety and operational risks.
The invention presented here addresses key challenges associated with counterfeit refrigerants by ensuring safety, maintaining system performance, supporting environmental compliance, and mitigating health and legal risks.
The invention introduces a novel, customizable method to create, manipulate, and erase polar topological structures in ferroelectric materials using atomic force microscopy.
High coercive fields prevalent in wurtzite ferroelectrics present a significant challenge, as they hinder efficient polarization switching, which is essential for microelectronic applications.
Knowing the state of charge of lithium-ion batteries, used to power applications from electric vehicles to medical diagnostic equipment, is critical for long-term battery operation.
Technologies directed quantum spectroscopy and imaging with Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering are described.